Barreras a la competitividad de las mipyme. Comparación del punto de vista de la academia y las empresas manufactureras de Bucaramanga (Colombia)
Barriers to the competitiveness of msmes. Comparison of the point of view of academy and manufacturing companies in Bucaramanga (Colombia)
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Las MIPyME manufactureras brindan un aporte importante a la economía colombiana, siendo relevante identificar los factores que obstaculizan su competitividad y sobrevivencia en el tiempo. Este estudio se sustentó teóricamente en un enfoque sistémico de la competitividad, partiendo de una revisión sistemática de literatura en la base de datos Scopus, encontrando 168 publicaciones, 28 de las cuales permitieron identificar 19 factores que afectan la competitividad de las MIPyME. Posteriormente se entrevistaron 86 MIPyME del sector manufacturero de Bucaramanga a partir de un instrumento propuesto y validado por el Observatorio Iberoamericano de la MIPyME, lo que permitió conocer los 10 factores que más afectan su competitividad. Al contrastar el punto de vista de la academia y los empresarios, se identificaron los 7 factores que más y los 14 factores que menos obstaculizan la competitividad de las MIPyME manufactureras para guiar la formulación de estrategias para mitigar sus riesgos y asegurar su sostenibilidad.
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